Search results for "host–pathogen interactions"

showing 5 items of 5 documents

A New Phylogenetic Framework for the Animal-adaptedMycobacterium tuberculosisComplex

2018

Tuberculosis (TB) affects humans and other animals and is caused by bacteria from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Previous studies have shown that there are at least nine members of the MTBC infecting animals other than humans; these have also been referred to as ecotypes. However, the ecology and the evolution of these animal-adapted MTBC ecotypes are poorly understood. Here we screened 12,886 publicly available MTBC genomes and newly sequenced 17 animal-adapted MTBC strains, gathering a total of 529 genomes of animal-adapted MTBC strains. Phylogenomic and comparative analyses confirm that the animal-adapted MTBC members are paraphyletic with some members more closely relate…

0301 basic medicineMicrobiology (medical)Host–pathogen interactionsLineage (evolution)Populationlcsh:QR1-502specificityhost rangeHost tropismMicrobiologyGenetic diversitylcsh:Microbiology03 medical and health sciencesPhylogenomicseducationClade030304 developmental biologyWhole-genome sequencing0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studybiologyPhylogenetic tree030306 microbiologygenetic diversitybiology.organism_classification3. Good health030104 developmental biologyhost–pathogen interactions; specificity; host range; genetic diversity; whole-genome sequencingMycobacterium tuberculosis complexwhole-genome sequencingEvolutionary biologyHost rangeSpecificityMycobacterium africanumhost–pathogen interactions
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A New Phylogenetic Framework for the Animal-Adapted

2018

Tuberculosis (TB) affects humans and other animals and is caused by bacteria from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC). Previous studies have shown that there are at least nine members of the MTBC infecting animals other than humans; these have also been referred to as ecotypes. However, the ecology and the evolution of these animal-adapted MTBC ecotypes are poorly understood. Here we screened 12,886 publicly available MTBC genomes and newly sequenced 17 animal-adapted MTBC strains, gathering a total of 529 genomes of animal-adapted MTBC strains. Phylogenomic and comparative analyses confirm that the animal-adapted MTBC members are paraphyletic with some members more closely relate…

whole-genome sequencingspecificityhost rangegenetic diversityMicrobiologyOriginal Researchhost–pathogen interactionsFrontiers in microbiology
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The effects of Borrelia infection on its wintering rodent host

2022

AbstractIn seasonal environments, appropriate adaptations are crucial for organisms to maximize their fitness. For instance, in many species, the immune function has been noticed to decrease during winter, which is assumed to be an adaptation to the season’s limited food availability. Consequences of an infection on the health and survival of the host organism could thus be more severe in winter than in summer. Here, we experimentally investigated the effect of a zoonotic, endemic pathogen, Borrelia afzelii infection on the survival and body condition in its host, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), during late autumn–early winter under semi-natural field conditions in 11 large outdoor enclos…

Lyme DiseaseIxodesArvicolinaemetsämyyräRodentiazoonosisisäntälajitwinterBorrelia-bakteerittaudinaiheuttajatBorrelia burgdorferi GroupBorrelia afzeliiMyodes glareolustalviisäntäeläimetAnimalssyksySeasonsautumnBorrelia InfectionsEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicshost–pathogen interactions
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SIK2 orchestrates actin-dependent host response upon Salmonella infection

2021

Significance Through conducting quantitative proteomics upon Salmonella infection, we identified a SIK2 signaling network, implementing the kinase into a so far concealed biological function. Our data exposed SIK2 as a central orchestrator of an actin regulatory network, coordinating the stability of Salmonella-containing vacuole (SCV) and cellular actin assembly, in order to limit the acute phase of the infection. Most strikingly, SIK2 is not exclusively acting locally on actin assembly associated with the SCV but impacts the actin cytoskeleton architecture in its entirety upon Salmonella infection. Our work provides a mechanistic framework for how the actin cytoskeleton is regulated and h…

ProteomicsSalmonellaactin cytoskeletonImmunoblottingArp2/3 complexSalmonella infectionmacromolecular substancesProtein Serine-Threonine Kinasesmedicine.disease_causeBiochemistry03 medical and health sciencesMice0302 clinical medicineSalmonellamedicineXenophagyAnimalsHumansArp2/3 complexProtein Interaction MapsPhosphorylationActinCells Cultured030304 developmental biologyActin nucleation0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinarybiologyEpithelial CellsBiological Sciencesmedicine.diseaseActin cytoskeletonHCT116 CellsPhosphoproteinsActinsCell biologySalmonella-containing vacuoleHEK293 CellsFormins407Host-Pathogen Interactionsbiology.proteinRNA Interference030217 neurology & neurosurgeryhost–pathogen interactionsHeLa CellsSignal TransductionProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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The Conservation of Low Complexity Regions in Bacterial Proteins Depends on the Pathogenicity of the Strain and Subcellular Location of the Protein

2021

Low complexity regions (LCRs) in proteins are characterized by amino acid frequencies that differ from the average. These regions evolve faster and tend to be less conserved between homologs than globular domains. They are not common in bacteria, as compared to their prevalence in eukaryotes. Studying their conservation could help provide hypotheses about their function. To obtain the appropriate evolutionary focus for this rapidly evolving feature, here we study the conservation of LCRs in bacterial strains and compare their high variability to the closeness of the strains. For this, we selected 20 taxonomically diverse bacterial species and obtained the completely sequenced proteomes of t…

Proteomics0301 basic medicinelcsh:QH426-470030106 microbiologyBiologyArticlecompositionally biased regionsEvolution MolecularLow complexity03 medical and health sciencesBacterial ProteinsSequence Analysis ProteinGeneticsExtracellularGenetics (clinical)chemistry.chemical_classificationBacteriaVirulenceStrain (chemistry)Computational Biologybiology.organism_classificationlow complexity regionsAmino acidhomorepeatslcsh:Genetics030104 developmental biologychemistryEvolutionary biologybacterial strainsProteomeorthologyBacterial outer membraneBacteriaFunction (biology)host–pathogen interactionsGenes
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